Which nutrient is included as a multivitamin additive in parenteral nutrition?

• A. Protein
• B. Lipids
• C. Multivitamin additive
• D. Carbohydrates

Answer: (C)

Vitamins are provided through a multivitamin additive in parenteral nutrition. While parenteral solutions supply energy and nitrogen from carbohydrates and amino acids and essential fatty acids from lipids, vitamins (and minerals) are delivered separately to meet daily micronutrient needs. Therefore, the multivitamin additive specifically supplies the vitamins needed, whereas protein, lipids, and carbohydrates are the macronutrients given for energy and growth. Minerals and trace elements are typically added separately as well.